圓頂燈調光器電路--Dome Lamp Dimmer

There are times when a little light inside the car would greatly assist one of the passengers but the dome light is too bright for safe driving. The dimmer circuit in fig. 1 may be added to an existing dome light or included with a new passenger spot lamp. The upper op-amp generates a 700 Hz sawtooth waveform which is compared to a setpoint voltage by the lower op-amp. When the sawtooth voltage is above the setpoint, the transistors turn on supplying current to the bulb.

 The setting of the potentiometer determines the width of the pulses sent to the lamp and therefore the average voltage. The lamp is dim when the potentiometer is set near the higher voltage. Since the TIP32 switches on and off instead of simply dropping the voltage like a power rheostat, the power it dissipates remains low and a heat sink is not necessary.

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     Many autos run power to lamps with only one wire using the car body for the return current path so the dimmer must interrupt the positive lead as shown. Simply cut the wire leading to the lamp and connect the lamp end to the collector of the TIP32 and connect the battery end to the circuit power input. Run an additional ground wire to the auto chassis from the circuit. This ground wire will not carry much current and may be a smaller gauge.

LED或閃光燈電路--LED or Lamp Flasher

Minimum parts counting

Designed for 3V battery operation

Parts:

R1_______33K  1/4W Resistor
R2,R3____47R  1/4W Resistors

C1_______10΅F  25V Electrolytic Capacitor

D1,(D2)__LED(s) (Any type and color)

Q1_____BC560   45V 100mA PNP Transistor
Q2_____BC337   45V 800mA NPN Transistor

Notes:

Power supply can vary from 2 to 4.5V.

Add D2 to obtain two LED alternate blinking.

D1's on-time is shorter than off-time. The opposite regarding D2.

You can also use D2 only, shorting D1.

Don't change resistors' values.

Flashing frequency can be varied changing C1 value from 2.2΅F to 100΅F and higher.

This circuit is very efficient when driving a 3.2V lamp. In this case omit the LEDs and R3, connecting the lamp at Q2's collector and to positive supply, further reducing parts counting.